Current Situation of China's Steel Enterprises and Major Gaps in Ultra-Low Emission Requirements

The Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the Work Programme for the Reform of Ultra-low Emissions from Iron and Steel Enterprises (draft for comments). It was proposed that the emission limits of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides should not be higher than 10, 35 and 50 mg/cubic meters respectively under the condition of 16% baseline oxygen content in the flue gas of sintering machine head (whichever is officially published), for other groups. Detailed regulations have also been made on weaving pollution sources and unorganized emission sources, which are substantially stricter than the current emission standards. For the first time, the draft solicits comments on specific requirements for clean transportation of iron and steel enterprises, stipulating that the proportion of main production materials and products transported by clean means such as railways, pipelines or tubular belt conveyors can reach 80%. On the other hand, if conditions are not met, new energy vehicles can be used or vehicles that meet the Sixth National Emission Standard can be transported.

According to the draft, the iron and steel enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei atmospheric transmission channel cities, Yangtze River Delta, Fenwei Plain and other places should strive to complete the transformation of ultra-low emission by the end of October 2020. By 2025, all the iron and steel enterprises qualified for the transformation will strive to achieve ultra-low emission. There are three main gaps between the current situation of China's iron and steel enterprises and ultra-low emission requirements.

First, emission limits are more stringent. At present, most iron and steel enterprises control the emission of organized pollution according to the requirements of "new enterprises" and "special emission limits" in the existing emission standards of iron and steel. On this basis, the ultra-low emission standards greatly improve the requirements of emission limits, generally more than 50%, and some points or even the proportion of tightening reaches 90%. Right.

The second is to add new requirements for non-organizational control measures. At present, most of the non-organizational emission control in the industry is limited to the control of the non-organizational emission limits. However, due to the characteristics of the non-organizational emission and poor monitoring operability, it is difficult to effectively regulate the non-organizational emissions only by setting the emission limits. In view of this, the draft solicits opinions to strengthen the management of non-organized emissions, and directly puts forward specific requirements for control measures. Relevant data show that the unorganized emission of particulate matter in the iron and steel industry accounts for 58.7% of the total emissions. Because of the defect of the original management mode, most enterprises do not pay attention to the management of non-organized emissions. Only a few enterprises can fully meet the ultra-low emission requirements, resulting in a huge amount of non-organized emissions in the whole industry, and the overall level of comprehensive management has problems.

Thirdly, the requirements of new management and control measures for transport links should be added. In recent years, more and more data show that the transportation links inside and outside the iron and steel enterprises are also the main sources of pollutants, and directly pollute the environment of the plant area and the surrounding environment of urban roads. At present, due to the limitation of logistics conditions, there is still a big gap between the control measures of transport links and ultra-low emission requirements in iron and steel enterprises.

In order to meet the requirements of ultra-low emission, iron and steel enterprises need to increase rigid investment, abandon the practice of choosing "tofu residue" environmental protection treatment project to reduce investment cost, and ultimately affect the treatment effect. According to the requirements of ultra-low emission, the whole industry should comprehensively implement the deep treatment and transformation of sintering flue gas desulfurization, denitrification and dust removal facilities; eliminate the traditional wet dust removal of converter primary flue gas and other high energy consumption, high water consumption, difficult to meet the standards of technological equipment; dust removal facilities should adopt high-efficiency bag dust collector, eliminate the low-efficiency dust collector that can not meet the standards; Strengthen the control of non-organized emissions from raw material yards and production processes, implement the centralized logistics transportation scheme, systematically optimize the logistics system, and reduce the non-organized emissions in the logistics process; adopt Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies to build an integrated intelligent environmental protection management and control system, so as to realize the digitalization of environmental protection. Environmental management and decision-making can be achieved in a fine and dynamic way.

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